Definition and representation of vector (Class – 11)
Scalar: The quantities which are represented by magnitude and have no directions and follow the ordinary algebra are called scalar quantity. Example: mass, volume, speed, density etc.
Vector: The quantities which are represented by magnitude and directions and follow a special type of algebra (vector algebra) are called vector quantity. Example: velocity, acceleration, force etc.
Representation of a vector: A vector can be represented by joining two points with an arrow. 
represents a vector where point A is the initial point or origin and point B represents the terminal point. Arrow is directed from origin to terminal point. Let us consider, is 
and the magnitude of 
is || = || = P = AB.
Angle between two vectors: When two vectors have common origin then the smaller angle created by two vectors is known as angle of vector. When the initial point of one vector coincides with the terminal of another, then the angle between vectors is created by increasing the initial vector to make common origin.
Resultant vector: Whenever two or more than two vectors can be represented by a single vector in terms of magnitude and direction then the last vector is called the resultant of all the vectors.
On a windless day, when sails of boat are ineffective, it is usually towed along a canal with the help of long ropes.
The pulling forces exerted by the two boatmen on the two banks of the canal are represented in direction and magnitude by the vectors 
and 
. The boat advances not along the direction of either or but along that direction of their resultant force 
, where = + . The resultant vector is obtained by addition of vectors.
Click the YouTube button for video explanation of this topic (English language).
উপরের টপিকের বাংলা ভিডিও পেতে পাসের ইউটিউব বাটনটি ক্লিক
কর |
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