Classification of vector:
Vector can be classified in various types. Such types are given below.
1. Polar vectors: The vector which has an initial point or a point of application is known as polar vector. Example: displacement, force etc.
Axial vector: The vector which represents the rotational effect and act along the axis of rotation in accordance with the right-hand thumb rule is known as axial vector. Example: angular velocity, torque etc.
- Parallel vector: When two vectors have the same direction or exactly opposite direction, then those are called as like parallel vectors and unlike parallel vectors respectively. The angle between like parallel vectors and unlike parallel vectors are 00 and 1800 respectively. A vector
is parallel to another vector 
if it is represented as = m where m is a scalar quantity.
- Concurrent vector: If the vectors are pass through a common point, then those vectors are known as conference vectors.
4. Equal vector: When two vectors have equal magnitude and same direction then those vectors are called equal vector. Here 
(= 
) and 
(= 
) are of same magnitude and same direction. So, = .
5. Opposite vectors: If two vectors have equal magnitude but opposite direction then those vectors are called opposite vector. Here (= ) and (= – ) have equal magnitude but opposite direction then = – .
6. Collinear vectors: If all the vectors are parallel to each other whatever be their magnitude then those vectors are collinear vectors. Here , and 
are parallel so they are collinear vectors.
7. Null vector: The vector which having magnitude zero and the direction is undefined then the vector is called null vector.
8. Orthogonal vector: Two vectors are said to be orthogonal if they are perpendicular to each other.
9. Unit vector: The vector which having magnitude one and the direction is towards the given vector is called unit vector. If is a vector then the unit vector 
= 
.
If = x
+ y
+ z
then the unit vector 
= 
(where , and are the unit vectors along X, Y, Z axis respectively.)
Example: A car is moving in the direction 
= î – 2ĵ + 2k̂ with speed 6 ms-1. Write the velocity of the car.
The direction of motion of the car is = î – 2ĵ + 2k̂
The unit vector along that direction is R̂ = 
= 
The velocity of the car is 
= vR̂ = 
= 2î – 4ĵ + 4k̂ ms-1.
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